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dc.contributor.authorVerscharen, D.
dc.contributor.authorChandran, B.D.G.
dc.contributor.authorBoella, E.
dc.contributor.authorHalekas, J.
dc.contributor.authorInnocenti, M.E.
dc.contributor.authorJagarlamudi, V.K.
dc.contributor.authorMicera, A.
dc.contributor.authorPierrard, V.
dc.contributor.authorŠtverák, Š.
dc.contributor.authorVasko, I.Y.
dc.contributor.authorVelli, M.
dc.contributor.authorWhittlesey, P.L.
dc.date2022
dc.date.accessioned2022-08-03T12:52:10Z
dc.date.available2022-08-03T12:52:10Z
dc.identifier.urihttps://orfeo.belnet.be/handle/internal/10037
dc.descriptionThe electrons are an essential particle species in the solar wind. They often exhibit non-equilibrium features in their velocity distribution function. These include temperature anisotropies, tails (kurtosis), and reflectional asymmetries (skewness), which contribute a significant heat flux to the solar wind. If these non-equilibrium features are sufficiently strong, they drive kinetic micro-instabilities. We develop a semi-graphical framework based on the equations of quasi-linear theory to describe electron-driven instabilities in the solar wind. We apply our framework to resonant instabilities driven by temperature anisotropies. These include the electron whistler anisotropy instability and the propagating electron firehose instability. We then describe resonant instabilities driven by reflectional asymmetries in the electron distribution function. These include the electron/ion-acoustic, kinetic Alfvén heat-flux, Langmuir, electron-beam, electron/ion-cyclotron, electron/electron-acoustic, whistler heat-flux, oblique fast-magnetosonic/whistler, lower-hybrid fan, and electron-deficit whistler instability. We briefly comment on non-resonant instabilities driven by electron temperature anisotropies such as the mirror-mode and the non-propagating firehose instability. We conclude our review with a list of open research topics in the field of electron-driven instabilities in the solar wind.
dc.languageeng
dc.titleElectron-Driven Instabilities in the Solar Wind
dc.typeArticle
dc.subject.frascatiPhysical sciences
dc.audienceScientific
dc.subject.freesolar wind
dc.subject.freeplasma
dc.subject.freeinstabilities
dc.subject.freeelectrons
dc.subject.freetemperature anisotropy
dc.subject.freeheat flux
dc.subject.freequasi-linear theory
dc.source.titleFrontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences
dc.source.volume9
dc.source.pageA951628
Orfeo.peerreviewedYes
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fspas.2022.951628
dc.identifier.scopus


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