The Trans-Saharan belt is one of the most important orogenic system constitutive of the Pan African orogenic cycle, which, at the end of the Neoproterozoic, led to the formation of the Gondwana Supercontinent. It is marked by the opening and closing of oceanic domains, collision of continental blocks and the accumulation and deformation of synorogenic sedimentary basins. It extends from north to south over a distance of 3000 km, including the Nigerian shield and the Tuareg shield as well as their prolongations beneath the Phanerozoic oil-rich north Saharan sedimentary basins. In this study, we take advantage of potential field methods (magnetism and gravity) to analyse the crustal-scale structures of the Tuareg shield terranes and to track these Pan-African structures below the thick north Saharan sedimentary basins, offering a > 1000 km extension. The map interpretations are based on the classical potential field transforms and tow dimensional forward modelling. We have identified geophysical units, essentially defined owing to magnetic and gravimetric anomaly signatures, and structural first-order lineaments by integrating all available magnetic and gravimetric data. In particular, we are able to highlight curved terminations, which in the Trans-Saharan context have been still poorly documented. Further, it provides another plan view of the terrane compartmentalization scheme based on the magnetic and gravimetric analysis, allowing a fruitful comparison with the geological litho-tectonic terranes delineation.