The twenty-third Art History Seminar of the Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage (KIK-IRPA) has been organised in collaboration with the research project AGENART at Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM). It took place on 12th-13th September 2024 at the Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage and at the Instituto Cervantes, both in Brussels, highlighting various fascinating aspects of the artistic patronage of the remarkable woman who was the Archduchess Isabella, who lived in Madrid and Brussels between 1566 and 1633.