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    The Mother’s Day Solar Storm of 11 May 2024 and Its Effect on Earth’s Radiation Belts

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    Pierrard(2024c).pdf (14.61Mb)
    Authors
    Pierrard, V.
    Winant, A.
    Botek, E.
    Péters de Bonhome, M.
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    Discipline
    Physical sciences
    Subject
    geomagnetic storm
    solar energetic particles
    solar event
    radiation belts
    energetic protons
    relativistic electrons
    Audience
    Scientific
    Date
    2024
    Metadata
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    Description
    The month of May 2024 was characterized by solar energetic particles events directed towards the Earth, especially the big event causing a strong terrestrial geomagnetic storm during the night from 10 to 11 May 2024, with auroras observed everywhere in Europe. This was the strongest storm for the last 20 years with a Disturbed Storm Time index Dst < −400 nT. In the present work, we show with observations of GOES, PROBA-V/EPT and MetOP/MEPED that this exceptional event was associated with the injection of energetic protons in the proton radiation belt, with important consequences for the South part of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA). In addition, the geomagnetic storm caused by the solar eruption has had tremendous impacts on the electron radiation belts. Indeed, we show that for 0.3 to 1 MeV electrons, the storm led to a long lasting four belts configuration which was not observed before with EPT launched in 2013, until a smaller geomagnetic storm took place at the end of June 2024. Moreover, for the first time since its launch, observations of the EPT show that ultra-relativistic electrons with 𝐸>2 MeV have been injected into the inner belt down to McIlwain parameter L = 2.4, violating the impenetrable barrier previously estimated to be located at L = 2.8.
    Citation
    Pierrard, V.; Winant, A.; Botek, E.; Péters de Bonhome, M. (2024). The Mother’s Day Solar Storm of 11 May 2024 and Its Effect on Earth’s Radiation Belts. , Universe, Vol. 10, Issue 10, A391, DOI: 10.3390/universe10100391.
    Identifiers
    uri: https://orfeo.belnet.be/handle/internal/13470
    doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe10100391
    url:
    Type
    Article
    Peer-Review
    Yes
    Language
    eng
    Links
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