Liver fluke and schistosome cross-infection risk between livestock and wild mammals in Western Uganda, a One Health approach
Discipline
Veterinary science
Subject
Invertebrates
Audience
Scientific
Date
2024Metadata
Show full item recordDescription
Trematodiases strongly reduce the welfare of humans and animals causing a great decline in health and productivity. Insufficient data on the extent of trematode infection in definitive hosts and associated risk factors remain a great threat to its control. A cross-sectional study was conducted to establish the; prevalence of liver flukes and schistosomes in livestock and wild mammals and the socio-ecological risk factors associated with their spread. Fresh dung samples were collected opportunistically (n = 865) and examined using formal ether sedimentation and microscopy for parasite eggs. Twelve abattoir visits were conducted to examine the livers of animals killed for mature flukes. Key informants (n = 110) including farmers, butchers, game rangers, and herders were interviewed to document the socio-ecological risk factors. In the abattoirs, 57.1%(CI 0.422 0.712) of cattle were infected with Fasciola flukes and not sheep and goats. Cattle dung had the highest prevalence (56% CI 0.518 0.604) of Fasciola eggs, followed by sheep (50%, CI 0.319 0.681) and goats (28.2%, CI 0.218 0.353). Among wild mammals, hippos' dung (66%; 95% CI 0.53 0.777) had the highest prevalence of Fasciola followed by warthogs (8%; 95% CI 0.002 0.385) and baboons (6.7%; CI 0.002 0.319). No Fasciola eggs were observed in elephant dung (n = 21) and monkeys (n = 2). Schistosoma bovis was found in cattle dung from Mpeefu (2.6%; 95% CI 0.007 0.066) and Ndaiga (4.3%; 95% CI 0.022 0.075) while S. mattheei in goats (1.4%; 95% CI 0.00 0.075) and cattle (0.39%; 95% CI 0.00 0.021) dung samples from Ndaiga. Key informants had moderate knowledge of fasciolosis (62.7%), highest among butchers (89.7%), and lowest among herders (31.8%). Only veterinary officers knew about schistosomiasis in animals. Free-range grazing and unsafe water sources for livestock, shared with wild animals, were the risky practices by most farmers (66 100%). Fasciola was prevalent in livestock and wild mammals, while Schistosoma in cattle and goats.
Citation
Namirembe , D.; Huyse, T.; Wangalwa , R.; Tumusiime, J.; Tolo, U. (2024). Liver fluke and schistosome cross-infection risk between livestock and wild mammals in Western Uganda, a One Health approach. , International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101022.Identifiers
Type
Article
Peer-Review
Yes
Language
eng