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    Evolution of global O3-NOx-VOCs sensitivity before and after the COVID-19 from the ratio of formaldehyde to NO2 from satellite observations

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    Authors
    Wang, D.
    Pu, D.
    De Smedt, I.
    Zhu, L.
    Yang, X.
    Sun, W.
    Xia, H.
    Song, Z.
    Li, X.
    Li, J.
    Zhang, A.
    Feng, X.
    Chen, Y.
    Yang, X.
    Fu, T.-M.
    Wang, J.
    Show allShow less
    Discipline
    Earth and related Environmental sciences
    Subject
    Ozone sensitivity
    Satellite formaldehyde (HCHO) and NO
    Formaldehyde-to-NO ratio
    Gross domestic product (GDP)
    Audience
    Scientific
    Date
    2025
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Description
    Ozone production sensitivity is widely used to reveal the chemical dominant precursors of urban ozone rise. Here, we diagnose the impact of the decline in global human production activities level caused by the COVID-19 on ozone sensitivity through the ratio of formaldehyde (HCHO) and NO2 (FNR = HCHO/NO2) observations from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument. We use a relative uncertainty threshold to clean the satellite FNR, and our satellite FNR present a good correlation (R = 0.6248) with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency observations. We found that the outbreak of the COVID-19 did not change the pattern of global ozone sensitivity, while the global regimes was transforming or strengthening to VOC-limited regimes due to the significant decline of human production activities levels. During the COVID-19, ozone sensitivity in Eastern China and East Africa continued to shift to VOC-limited regimes, while India, Western Europe and North America first moved to NOx-limited regimes, and then changed to VOC-limited regimes with the resumption of production and the increase in travel. The clustering results tell that urban ozone sensitivity tends to shift towards NOx-limited regimes as economic growing. The ozone formation in cities with lower FNR and per capita gross domestic product (GDP) are more sensitive to changes in VOCs, while cities with higher FNR and per capita GDP are more sensitive to variations in NOx. Cities with intermediate FNR and GDP are good evidence of the existence of transitional regimes. Our study identifies the driving role of urban economics in orienting the evolution of ozone sensitivity regimes.
    Citation
    Wang, D.; Pu, D.; De Smedt, I.; Zhu, L.; Yang, X.; Sun, W.; Xia, H.; Song, Z.; Li, X.; Li, J.; Zhang, A.; Feng, X.; Chen, Y.; Yang, X.; Fu, T.-M.; Wang, J. (2025). Evolution of global O3-NOx-VOCs sensitivity before and after the COVID-19 from the ratio of formaldehyde to NO2 from satellite observations. , Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 156, 102-113, DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.07.029.
    Identifiers
    uri: https://orfeo.belnet.be/handle/internal/13988
    doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2024.07.029
    url:
    Type
    Article
    Peer-Review
    Yes
    Language
    eng
    Links
    NewsHelpdeskBELSPO OA Policy

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