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    Volcanic sulfur dioxide monitored from a constellation of FengYun hyperspectral infrared sounders in dawn-dusk, mid-morning, and afternoon sun-synchronous orbits

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    Authors
    Zeng, Z.-C.
    Clarisse, L.
    Franco, B.
    Clerbaux, C.
    Theys, N.
    Qi, C.
    Lee, L.
    Zhu, L.
    Hu, X.
    Gu, M.
    Zhang, P.
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    Discipline
    Earth and related Environmental sciences
    Subject
    Volcanic sulfur dioxide
    Satellite constellation
    FengYun hyperspectral infrared sounders
    Sun-synchronous orbits
    Dawn-dusk orbit
    Audience
    Scientific
    Date
    2025
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Description
    Satellite observations offer a unique way of monitoring the spatial distribution, vertical structure and temporal variation of volcanic sulfur dioxide (SO2) plumes. In this study, we use observations from the Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (HIRAS) constellation on board China's FengYun-3 (FY-3) meteorological satellites flying in three different sun-synchronous orbits, including dawn-dusk, mid-morning, and afternoon orbits. The constellation provides six global coverages (roughly every 4-h) each day, with equatorial overpass times at 5:30 am/pm for FY-3E, 10:00 am/pm for FY-3F, and 2:00 am/pm for FY-3D. We retrieve SO2 total column and layer height from the Ruang volcanic eruptions in April 2024. The retrievals show consistency among the different HIRAS and are highly correlated with IASI and TROPOMI observations. The e-folding time of the volcanic SO2 mass is estimated to be 9.0 ± 2.8 days, which is representative of a plume in the Upper Troposphere-Lower Stratosphere (UTLS). Lastly, we apply the methods to the eruptions of the Russia's Sheveluch volcano in November 2024 at high latitudes and show the effectiveness and high consistency among the HIRAS sensors in detecting the SO2 signal. This study demonstrates the capability of a global constellation of FengYun hyperspectral infrared sounders to monitor SO2 emissions from volcanic eruptions.
    Citation
    Zeng, Z.-C.; Clarisse, L.; Franco, B.; Clerbaux, C.; Theys, N.; Qi, C.; Lee, L.; Zhu, L.; Hu, X.; Gu, M.; Zhang, P. (2025). Volcanic sulfur dioxide monitored from a constellation of FengYun hyperspectral infrared sounders in dawn-dusk, mid-morning, and afternoon sun-synchronous orbits. , Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 331, A115057, DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2025.115057.
    Identifiers
    uri: https://orfeo.belnet.be/handle/internal/14365
    doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.115057
    url:
    Type
    Article
    Peer-Review
    Yes
    Language
    eng
    Links
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