Auchenoglanidinae, one of two subfamilies of the African catfish family Claroteidae, has been revised. Until now, no study has included morphological data of all species, and for many species osteological data were altogether not available. Unfortunately, the number of known specimens of several species is still very small and molecular data are still lacking for most of the known species. Apart from the well demarcated genera Auchenoglanis and Parauchenoglanis, the subfamily suffers from poor resolution on the generic level. For the remaining genera (Notoglanidium, Liauchenoglanis, Platyglanis and Anaspidoglanis) current generic diagnoses are rudimentary or even non-existent. In addition, several included species of these genera and Auchenoglanis are poorly defined. Using computed tomography (CT scanning) as well as clearing and staining, osteological data were added to 31 biometric, four meristic and six other morphological characters to revise the status of these genera and included species. Based on our results Liauchenoglanis, Platyglanis and Anaspidoglanis cannot be discerned from Notoglanidium; their genus and type species descriptions fail to be distinguished from Notoglanidium. In addition, no other characters supporting these generic distinctions could be found. Therefore, their synonymy is proposed, resulting in a single valid genus, including eight species of which the validity is confirmed. A ninth, new species has been recognized from the Kouilou-Niari River (Republic of the Congo). In Auchenoglanis, eight species were recently recognized. These were mainly based on pigmentation-related characters and on the shape of the premaxillary tooth plates. However, their recognition opposed previous works without any mention of these. We re-evaluated the species diversity in the genus, and confirm the status of only two valid species: A. biscutatus and A. occidentalis. Finally, and for the first time, a comprehensive account of the subfamily morphology and osteology is presented, and the relationship to the sister group Claroteinae is discussed.