The late Mesoproterozoic middle Neoproterozoic period (ca. 1300 Ma 800 Ma) heralded extraordinary climatic and biological changes related to the tectonic changes that resulted in the assembly (~ 1.0 Ga) and the break-up of Rodinia (880 Ma 850 Ma). In the Democratic Republic of Congo, these changes are recorded in the Mbuji-Mayi Supergroup which was deposited in the SE NW trending siliciclastic-carbonate failed-rift Sankuru-Mbuji-Mayi-Lomami-Lovoy Basin. New LA-ICP MS U Pb laser ablation data on detrital zircon grains retrieved from the lower arenaceous-pelitic sequence (BI group) together with C and Sr isotopic data on carbonates from the upper dolomitic-pelitic sequence (BII group) and an ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age determination on a dolerite give a new depositional time frame between 1174 ± 22 Ma and ca. 800 Ma for the Mbuji-Mayi Supergroup. The upper age limit is based on the assumption that the transition between the BIIb and BIIc subgroups recorded the Bitter Springs anomaly. In terms of tectonic and paleoclimatic settings, the BII group was deposited in the eastern passive margin of the Congo Craton during warm periods interlaced with temporarily dry and wet seasons, suggesting greenhouse conditions during the fragmentation of Rodinia.