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    Validation of urban NO2 concentrations and their diurnal and seasonal variations observed from the SCIAMACHY and OMI sensors using in situ surface measurements in Israeli cities

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    Authors
    Boersma, K.F.
    Jacob, D.J.
    Trainic, M.
    Rudich, Y.
    De Smedt, I.
    Dirksen, R.
    Eskes, H.J.
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    Discipline
    Earth and related Environmental sciences
    Subject
    atmospheric chemistry
    boundary layer
    concentration (composition)
    diurnal variation
    Envisat-1
    in situ measurement
    nitrogen dioxide
    nitrogen oxides
    numerical model
    photochemistry
    SCIAMACHY
    seasonal variation
    three-dimensional modeling
    troposphere
    urban atmosphere
    Cairo [Egypt]
    Egypt
    Israel
    Audience
    Scientific
    Date
    2009
    Metadata
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    Description
    We compare a full-year (2006) record of surface air NO2 concentrations measured in Israeli cities to coinciding retrievals of tropospheric NO2 columns from satellite sensors (SCIAMACHY aboard ENVISAT and OMI aboard Aura). This provides a large statistical data set for validation of NO2 satellite measurements in urban air, where validation is difficult yet crucial for using these measurements to infer NOx emissions by inverse modeling. Assuming that NO2 is well-mixed throughout the boundary layer (BL), and using observed average seasonal boundary layer heights, near-surface NO2 concentrations are converted into BL NO2 columns. The agreement between OMI and (13:45) BL NO2 columns (slope=0.93, n=542), and the comparable results at 10:00 h for SCIAMACHY, allow a validation of the seasonal, weekly, and diurnal cycles in satellite-derived NO2. OMI and BL NO2 columns show consistent seasonal cycles (winter NO2 1.6-2.7× higher than summer). BL and coinciding OMI columns both show a strong weekly cycle with 45-50% smaller NO2 columns on Saturday relative to the weekday mean, reflecting the reduced weekend activity, and validating the weekly cycle observed from space. The diurnal difference between SCIAMACHY (10:00) and OMI (13:45) NO2 is maximum in summer when SCIAMACHY is up to 40% higher than OMI, and minimum in winter when OMI slightly exceeds SCIAMACHY. A similar seasonal variation in the diurnal difference is found in the source region of Cairo. The surface measurements in Israel cities confirm this seasonal variation in the diurnal cycle. Using simulations froma global 3-D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem), we show that this seasonal cycle can be explained by a much stronger photochemical loss of NO2 in summer than in winter.
    Citation
    Boersma, K.F.; Jacob, D.J.; Trainic, M.; Rudich, Y.; De Smedt, I.; Dirksen, R.; Eskes, H.J. (2009). Validation of urban NO2 concentrations and their diurnal and seasonal variations observed from the SCIAMACHY and OMI sensors using in situ surface measurements in Israeli cities. , Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 12, 3867-3879,
    Identifiers
    uri: https://orfeo.belnet.be/handle/internal/3264
    scopus: 2-s2.0-73949124016
    Type
    Article
    Peer-Review
    Yes
    Language
    eng
    Links
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