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    A warm layer in Venus' cryosphere and high-altitude measurements of HF, HCl, H2O and HDO

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    Authors
    Bertaux, J.-L.
    Vandaele, A.-C.
    Korablev, O.
    Villard, E.
    Fedorova, A.
    Fussen, D.
    Quémerais, E.
    Belyaev, D.
    Mahieux, A.
    Montmessin, F.
    Muller, C.
    Neefs, E.
    Nevejans, D.
    Wilquet, V.
    Dubois, J.P.
    Hauchecorne, A.
    Stepanov, A.
    Vinogradov, I.
    Rodin, A.
    Nevejans, D.
    Fedorova, A.
    Cabane, M.
    Chassefière, E.
    Chaufray, J.Y.
    Dimarellis, E.
    Dubois, J.P.
    Hauchecorne, A.
    Leblanc, F.
    Lefèvre, F.
    Rannou, P.
    Quémerais, E.
    Villard, E.
    Fussen, D.
    Muller, C.
    Neefs, E.
    Van Ransbeeck, E.
    Wilquet, V.
    Rodin, A.
    Stepanov, A.
    Vinogradov, I.
    Zasova, L.
    Forget, F.
    Lebonnois, S.
    Titov, D.
    Rafkin, S.
    Durry, G.
    Gérard, J.C.
    Sandel, B.
    Show allShow less
    Discipline
    Physical sciences
    Subject
    hydrochloric acid
    hydrofluoric acid
    water
    aerosol
    cloud
    cryosphere
    measurement method
    Venus
    vertical distribution
    water
    air
    altitude
    article
    astronomy
    atmosphere
    heating
    night
    priority journal
    temperature
    Audience
    Scientific
    Date
    2007
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Description
    Venus has thick clouds of H2SO4 aerosol particles extending from altitudes of 40 to 60 km. The 60-100 km region (the mesosphere) is a transition region between the 4 day retrograde superrotation at the top of the thick clouds and the solar-antisolar circulation in the thermosphere (above 100 km), which has upwelling over the subsolar point and transport to the nightside. The mesosphere has a light haze of variable optical thickness, with CO, SO2, HCl, HF, H2O and HDO as the most important minor gaseous constituents, but the vertical distribution of the haze and molecules is poorly known because previous descent probes began their measurements at or below 60 km. Here we report the detection of an extensive layer of warm air at altitudes 90-120 km on the night side that we interpret as the result of adiabatic heating during air subsidence. Such a strong temperature inversion was not expected, because the night side of Venus was otherwise so cold that it was named the 'cryosphere' above 100 km. We also measured the mesospheric distributions of HF, HCl, H2O and HDO. HCl is less abundant than reported 40 years ago. HDO/H2O is enhanced by a factor of ∼2.5 with respect to the lower atmosphere, and there is a general depletion of H 2O around 80-90 km for which we have no explanation.
    Citation
    Bertaux, J.-L.; Vandaele, A.-C.; Korablev, O.; Villard, E.; Fedorova, A.; Fussen, D.; Quémerais, E.; Belyaev, D.; Mahieux, A.; Montmessin, F.; Muller, C.; Neefs, E.; Nevejans, D.; Wilquet, V.; Dubois, J.P.; Hauchecorne, A.; Stepanov, A.; Vinogradov, I.; Rodin, A.; Nevejans, D.; Fedorova, A.; Cabane, M.; Chassefière, E.; Chaufray, J.Y.; Dimarellis, E.; Dubois, J.P.; Hauchecorne, A.; Leblanc, F.; Lefèvre, F.; Rannou, P.; Quémerais, E.; Villard, E.; Fussen, D.; Muller, C.; Neefs, E.; Van Ransbeeck, E.; Wilquet, V.; Rodin, A.; Stepanov, A.; Vinogradov, I.; Zasova, L.; Forget, F.; Lebonnois, S.; Titov, D.; Rafkin, S.; Durry, G.; Gérard, J.C.; Sandel, B. (2007). A warm layer in Venus' cryosphere and high-altitude measurements of HF, HCl, H2O and HDO. , Nature, Vol. 450, Issue 7170, 646-649, DOI: 10.1038/nature05974.
    Identifiers
    uri: https://orfeo.belnet.be/handle/internal/4383
    doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05974
    scopus: 2-s2.0-36749073905
    Type
    Article
    Peer-Review
    Yes
    Language
    eng
    Links
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