The issue of poaching during Belgian colonization period (1885-1960) is envisaged according to a European vision and context. Therefore, any form of hunting that does not conform to European norms and ethics immediately and unequivocally falls into illegality without any historical or social consideration. Hunting laws are deeply entrenched in colonial land and natural resources management, including wildlife. Colonial governance and territories, when grading individual and collective hunting practice, and limiting the movements of natives soon imposed a new way of living and thinking. The indigenous populations were pulled out of areas selected for natural reserves. Throughout the colony, laws established hunting spaces, seasons and methods, and fined unlawful behaviors. Soon, the local Congolese population was seen as the destroyer of the well-governed environment under colonial power. Therefore should we consider indigenous illicit hunting as an act of resistance? Or was ignorance or open disobedience to the new European order a way to keep up with thousand years of usual indigenous activities? Unrealistic measures and lack of supervision gave the natives some leeway to get more food or better income as well as an increase of the trade induced by colonization itself.