The absorption of solar light by atmospheric water vapor in the visible spectral region is analyzed by means of ground-based absorption Fourier transform spectroscopy, performed at high resolution in Brussels during summer 2001. Several microwindows between 14,000 and 18,000 cm-1, in which water vapor lines are well isolated from solar lines and other atmospheric trace gases absorptions, are examined. They are demonstrated to be adequate for the retrieval of the total water vapor column. Based on the retrievals, a detailed analysis of the water vapor line parameters published in the HITRAN database and recently reinvestigated by different groups is performed. The analysis focuses on the one hand on the comparison of the retrieved water vapor columns with in situ measurements, performed at the same time as the spectroscopic measurements and at the same location, and on the other hand on the quality of the spectral fits. It is shown that the discrepancies between the line lists affect significantly the results. In particular it is shown that the weaker lines, not measured in earlier laboratory experiments, do contribute at large zenith angles and need to be taken into account in order to better simulate the atmospheric spectra. The importance of the pressure broadening parameters is also highlighted.