This article explores how Belgian colonial authorities used military justice to govern armed violence in Congo, focusing on the disruptions brought by the Second World War. Drawing on military prosecutors’ archives, it examines how colonial power adapted to exceptional wartime conditions while maintaining its monopoly on violence. The analysis traces the evolving relationship between law and order, the colonial framing of war, and the shifting balance between civil and military authority. The article contributes to broader debates on imperial governance and shows how military justice functioned as a key technology of colonial rule under pressure.