The object of this article is to explore the challenges in creating a Belgian legal deposit of electronic publications in a complex institutional context. This article also aims to explain the current issues when many stakeholders must be consulted in order to maximize the chances of success of such a project. Conventional issues such as legal, technical and organizational aspects, although clearly identified and well-known by experts, still constitute a significant challenge when moving from theory to practice. Similarly, building an organizational model suitable to all stakeholders is an additional challenge. It is interesting to share our experience about this transition before the project is fully achieved. The experience of the royal library of belgium is relevant (/pertinent) in several respects : it consists in putting into practice a complex model and in analysing all the factors of success, including those related to human aspects. The originality of this article lies indeed in its will to highlight the human dimension. Concepts such as consultation, collaboration or trust have become essential to develop an operational tool. Our intention is to illustrate this with concrete examples.