This study reassesses the techniques and creative process behind the production of Pieter Bruegel the Elder's 'Conversion of Saul' and examines the status of the two known copies, focusing primarily on the Villa Vauban version, which has technical links to the production of Pieter Brueghel the Younger. The anonymous, privately owned copy is considered in relation to Bruegel the Elder's original version, as this copy probably represents the best witness to the cropped top and left edges of the original composition.